Pictures Green Biography

It is to make the so-called miracles with your own hands ... ”Alexander Stepanovich Grinevsky is the genuine surname of the remarkable writer-romantic, whom we know from the literary pseudonym-A. Alexander Green worked in Russian literature for a quarter of a century. He left behind novels, novels, several hundred stories, poems, fables, humor. The romantic writer with all his work asserted high moral ideals, enduring spiritual values-decency, nobility, respect for the personality of man, his right to his vision and understanding of the world.

Green warmly believed in the boundless capabilities of man, his spirit and will. Green's best heroes are the embodiment of his moral ideal, dreams of a beautiful man, of genuine human feelings and relationships. The spiritual, emotional and intellectual life of a person is in the center of his attention. Green's childhood and adolescence passed in the Vyatka province now Kirov region.

Despite large families, the family, according to the Greenovskaya Rodney, did not pierced, and their parents treated their first -born with special care. In the year, Green entered the preparatory class of the Alexander Real School of Vyatka, from where after 2 years he was expelled for poems ridicuating teachers. The father with difficulty arranged his son at the city 4-class school, not distinguished by an enviable reputation-and this was the end of the official education of Green.

When the boy was 14 years old, his mother died. Relations with the stepmother did not work out. He was not fond of study, he was not attached to his family, he wrote imitative poems about hopeless loneliness and sent them to the capital's magazines, from where he did not receive an answer. Having read the adventure literature, he dreamed of exploits and travels and summer young men left his home to enter the Odessa seafarer classes.

The reception there, however, was already completed, and since then, for a quarter of a century, Green's biography has represented a series of continuous wandering around Russia in search of a piece of bread and the possibilities of professional self -determination. He was a loader, an actor, a lumberjack, a sailor on a barge, a digger, worked on gold mines, at a domain plant.

In the year, Green, on the call, went to the soldiers, but escaped from the army, unable to withstand the cruel drill and humiliation. The difficult soldier’s experience formed the basis of his first stories - “The merit of the ordinary Panteleev”, “Elephant and Moska” for the year, “History of one murder” for the year. In the army, Green came together with the Socialist -Revolutionaries, who helped him organize an escape, and then skillfully used it as a coherent and agitator.

He switched to an illegal position, got into politics, traveled around Russia, went to prison in Sevastopol for campaigning among the lower ranks of the Black Sea Fleet and spent almost 2 years alone. In the spring, he was sentenced to the military-political court to the link to Siberia for 10 years. The royal amnesty freed him, but he did not interrupt the connection with the Socialist Revolutionaries, lived in an illegal position with a fake passport.

In January, in St. Petersburg, Green was arrested and sent by sentence to the Far County of the Tobolsk province to exile for 4 years, but fled along the way. In Vyatka he got someone else's passport and returned to Petersburg. For 4 years of life in St. Petersburg, he managed to successfully take root in literature and literary environment. In the year, the first collection of his stories “Invisible Cap” was released, and in the year the collection “Stories”.

The name of Green is closely connected with the north. For more than a year and a half since November - to May, A. Green spent in the Arkhangelsk exile. The writer himself called this period one of the most interesting pages of his life. Here he wrote stories with which the large Russian writer A. Unfortunately, he did not manage to tell his intention to tell his intention about this period.

The materials “Cases of the Chancellery of the Arkhangelsk Governor about the by the vowel of the police by the hereditary nobleman Alexander Stepanovich Grinevsky, expelled for belonging to the Social-Revolutionary Party,” give an idea of ​​some facts of the biography of A. Green and the reasons for his reference to the north. All information about the stay of A. Green in the northern link is stored in the State Archive of the Arkhangelsk Region.

From the report of the Arkhangelsk police chief, you can find out that A. In prison Green writes a petition to the Arkhangelsk governor, in which he asks to leave him “for serving supervision in the city of Arkhangelsk, in view of my extreme pain, which has now intensified full weakness”, as well as the poor health of my wife, which “voluntarily abides with me ...” The resolve of the governor of November 6: on November 6: "Reject".

Green was sent to a residence in the village of the Great Dvor near the district city of Pinega. Together with him, his wife Vera Pavlovna Abramova-Grinevskaya, the daughter of a respectable St. Petersburg official, went there. Before Green was sent to Arkhangelsk, they got married in a prison church. After more than 40 years, the old -timers Pinegs recalled: “Alexander Stepanovich was a tall, thin young man with a yellowish complexion.

Vera Pavlovna is a beautiful young woman, always fit and silent. ”There was a library in Pinega, and Green read a lot. He was engaged in literary work, almost did not communicate with his comrades on the link. True, when Vera Pavlovna, having returned from the next trip to St. Petersburg, brought a gramophone with records, numerous guests began to appear at their house. I even had to announce that the Grinevsky was accepted only at certain hours on Friday evening.

Spring came, and Green often began to go into the forest or to the lake in the early morning. It began Karaseero kilometers from Pinega. The network of these bizarre lakes, islands covered with centuries -old forest, overgrown with reeds, an abundance of birds inhabiting them, Alexander Stepanovich described in the novel “The Mysterious Forest” year ”. When you read an excerpt from the story, it may seem that this is a “pure” fantasy of the artist.

But not only Vera Pavlovna, but Green himself testifies: “The nature of the Pinezhsky district of the Arkhangelsk province is depicted in the present work ...” from the draft sketch of the author’s preface to the passage from the novel “Mysterious Forest”, which Green intended to publish in the year under the name “Hunter and the Cockerel”. Life in the great court was difficult, but not so much because of the climate and material difficulties, but because of a strict regime.

Green did not allow even short -term excommunication from Pinezhia. Constantly being under supervision was difficult and humiliating. In the requests addressed to the Arkhangelsk governor, he wrote about the need to treat heart heart disease, asked him to transfer him to Arkhangelsk, where he could be under the supervision of doctors, but he was refused.

With a similar request, the writer's wife went several times to Arkhangelsk to meet with Governor M. The woman educated and educated, she managed to arouse sympathy for the exiled writer with her skillful appeal. At the same time, friendly reviews about the behavior of the superior writer came from the Pinezhsky police officer addressed to the governor. In the summer of the year, Green was finally allowed to move to Kegostrov, who was then one of the places of the settlement of political exiles in Arkhangelsk.

He went to the new destination on the steamer. This trip gave him material for the story “One hundred miles along the river”. Grinevsky settled at the wealthy owners, the owners of the fish captillars, and occupied three furnished rooms on the second floor. Life on Kegostrov also cannot be called easy. If the Grinevsky could go to the city in the summer, then the autumn thaw kept them on the island and acted poorly on the writer.

No wonder he called the Keasters a "thin island." This period of his link was given by the material for the story "Ksenia Turpanov." Unlike most of A. Green, there are neither fictional countries, nor exotic nor an adventurous plot in it. The story is autobiographical, reports the mood that the writer experienced while living on Kegostrov. The last two months of links from March, the Grinevsky spouses lived in Arkhangelsk - first in the Trinity Hotel, and then in Anufriev’s house on Olonetskaya Street now Gaidara Street.

Ksenia Hemp Kravodesh, a biologist, recalled that A. Green had a birch alley of the Gagarinsky garden, Gorushka-a garden at the Drama Theater and a section of the embankment between the current streets of K. Libknecht and Voskresenskaya. There was a wooden gazebo with an intricate roof on 4 columns, decorated with carvings-genuine lace. There were two benches in the gazebo: one on the eastern side, the second on the western side.

Alexander Green sat down on the western bench, and in front of him was a view of the Dvina, Kegosteers, on the Voskresensky pier, on a solar sunset, on schooners and sails. Perhaps it was these schooners and sails painted with the sunset sun that prompted him “scarlet sails”. In the north, Green met with wonderful people who, in conditions of humiliating police supervision and tough restrictions, were able to find application to their forces, knowledge, abilities.

The Grinevsky’s neighbor in the Great Court was Nestor Alekseevich Kulik, excluded from Kazan University for participating in revolutionary activities, later a famous scientist, one of the organizers of the study of the natural resources of the North. In Pinega, Grin met with Georgy Mikhailovich Stabspin, the workers of the Putilov plant in St. Petersburg, one of the first workers of poets and journalists.

Both Cabinet and Kulik were participants in the Zhuravsky expedition to study the Pechersky Territory. On Kegostrov, Green met Ivan Ivanovich Korel, in the future-a famous bibliograph scientist. Friendship with the Korel family continued for many years after the exile. The most close friend of Green in exile was Rudolf Lazarevich Samoilovich, subsequently a world -famous scientist, the largest researcher of the Arctic.

Meetings with such people, each of whom was a wonderful person in their own way, could not leave a trace in the sensitive and impressive soul of Green. Grinevsky on May 15 of this year was released from supervision and left for his homeland. " Having left the North, A. Green took the impressions with him for life.The colors of the northern landscapes are found in many of its later works, although the author is served as unusual and exotic.

The significance of the Arkhangelsk reference in the evolution of the worldview and the work of the writer has been repeatedly noted in the literature on Green. Prokhorov in the book about Green wrote: “In the Arkhangelsk exile, Green realized that ... egocentrism, reducing public relations to a minimum - a dead end for human development.

He realized that real freedom is freedom from self -love, that you need to go not from people, but to people, that the highest goal of a person is to live for others. ” In addition to the story “One hundred miles along the river”, A. Green wrote in exile the story “The Life of the Gnor” and the story “Captain Duke”. Since the year, Green has been living in St. Petersburg, has been working a lot and tirelessly, becomes a famous writer.

In the year, his first collected works in 3 volumes saw the light. In the year, Green resolutely changes the usual forms of his life and literary life.