Wagner biography download

Wagner's childhood was not prosperous: he was sick a lot, the family often moved, as a result, the boy studied in snatches in schools of different cities. Nevertheless, already in his youth, Wagner perceived a lot of what was subsequently useful to him: he was well read in classical and modern literature, fell in love with K. Weber's opera, attended concerts, and took possession of the basics of composer equipment.

He also showed a craving for self-expression in the theatrical and dramatic form, was vividly interested in politics and philosophy. In February, he entered the University of Leipzig, and shortly before that one of his first works was performed-the overture of Si-Bemol Major. At the university, Wagner listened to lectures on philosophy and aesthetics, was engaged in music with T.

Weinlig, cantor of the school of St. Then he met people associated with the Polish revolutionaries-extensors, and accompanied Count Tyshkevich on his journey to Moravia, and from there went to Vienna. In Prague, his newly completed symphony to Major was lost in the conservatory at the orchestra rehearsal, and on January 10, its public execution in Leipzig in the concert hall Gevandhaus took place.

Years of need. A month later, thanks to the assistance of his brother, singer Karl Albert Wagner, received the position of tutor Hormaster at the Würzburg Opera Theater. He energetically set to work, while continuing the composition of the composition. In the Leipzig “Elegant Light newspaper”, Wagner published an article “German Opera”, which essentially anticipated it of later theories, and began to compose the Opera of the Fairy Die Feen, on the plot of K.

Gotszi, the first work of the composer in this genre. However, the opera was not accepted for production in Leipzig. He took the place of the conductor in the Magdeburg Theater, and at the same time an important event occurred in his life: he met the actress of the mine glider, seriously carried away with her and married after two years of courtship. The young musician in Magdeburg did not achieve much success, although the famous singer Wilhelmin Schroeder-Devreent, who performed there, praised Wagner's conductor and was not averse to finding another place.

He worked in Königsberg and Riga, but did not stay in these cities. Minna has already begun to regret her choice and left her husband for a while. In addition, Wagner was dug for debts and disappointment in their abilities after the failures of two new works - overture Prav, Britain! After Minna's departure, Wagner escaped from debts and other troubles to the sister of Ottilia, who was married to the book publisher of F.

In their house, he first read the novel by E. Bulver-Litton Cola Ryenzi-the last stand of Cola Rienzi, Der Letzte der Tribunen, which seemed to him with a suitable material for the opera libretto. He set to work in the hope of getting the approval of the famous Parisian master J. Meyerber, because Rienzi was written in the genre of the French “Big Opera”, and Meyerber was her unsurpassed master.

In the fall, Richard again connected with mine in Riga, but theatrical intrigues forced him to leave the theater soon. The couple went to Paris by sea, visiting London on the way. The sea voyage turned out to be a difficult test, which Wagner eloquently tells me in his autobiography my life Mein Leben. A couple of Wagnerists spent two and a half years from August 20 to April 7, despite all kinds of difficulties and the lack of constant earnings, Richard turned in Paris in full force.

Charm, brilliance of intelligence provided him with the respect and friendship of a number of outstanding people. So, F. Hubenek, the conductor of the Paris Grand Opera, authoritatively testified the outstanding composer talent of Wagner on, in turn, made a deep impression of the interpretation of the Habeneck of the works of Beethoven; Publisher M. Schlezinger gave Wagner a work in the Musical Newspaper published by him.

Among the supporters of the composer were German emigrants: a specialist in classical philology, Z. Leers, the artist E. Kits, the poet G. Meyerber favorably reacted to the German musician, and Wagner's acquaintance was the culmination of the Paris years in June Wagner learned that Rienzi was accepted for production in Dresden. Wagner in Dresden, - inspired by the news received, the couple of Wagnerov decided to return to her homeland.

In Leipzig where the Brockhaus family, Munich and Berlin Wagner helped them with a number of obstacles, and when he arrived in Dresden, discovered dissatisfied orchestras, before whom the Ryenzi score set up unusual tasks, with whom the libretto of the opera seemed too long and confusing, and not at all located to spend money on suits for suits for suits for suits unknown opera.

However, Wagner did not give up, and his efforts were crowned with the triumphal premiere of Ryenzi on October 20, the result of success was, in particular, Wagner’s rapprochement with F. Leaf, as well as invitations to be properiated in Leipzig and Berlin. Following Ryenzi in Dresden at the beginning, a flying Dutchman was also placed.Although this opera has withstood only four performances, Wagner's name gained fame so significant that in February it was appointed to the position of court drummer of the head of the court opera.

This news attracted the attention of numerous creditors of the composer from different cities of Germany. Wagner, brilliantly able to settle conflicts, generated by his life, did not cope with the invasion of creditors - just as with the previous and subsequent incidents of this kind. Wagner had wonderful ideas later he developed them in his literary works: he wanted to transform the court orchestra so that he could properly fulfill the scores of Beethoven - the idol of the young Wagner; At the same time, he showed concern for improving the living conditions of the orchestras.

He sought the liberation of the theater from the guardianship of the court with its endless intrigues, sought to expand the repertoire of church music with the introduction of the creations of the Great Pacelsrina into it. Naturally, such reforms could not help but cause resistance, and although many Dresden supported Wagner at least, in principle, they still remained in the minority, and when on June 15 - shortly after revolutionary events in the city - Wagner was publicly in defense of republican ideas, he was removed from his post.

Meanwhile, the composer glory of Wagner grew and stronger. The flying Dutchman earned the approval of the venerable L. Spur, who performed the opera in Kassel; She also walked in Riga and Berlin. Rientsi was placed in Hamburg and Berlin; The premiere of Tangezer took place on October 19 in Dresden. In the last years of the Dresden period, Wagner studied the epic song about the nibelungs and often performed in the press.

Thanks to the participation of the sheet - a passionate propagandist of new music - a concert execution of the third act of the newly completed LoEgrin and the tangiaser’s production in full t. In May, while in Weimar at Tangazer rehearsals, Wagner found out that he was a search in his house and an order was already signed to his arrest in connection with the participation in the Dresden uprising.

Leaving his wife and numerous creditors in Weimar, he hastily left for Zurich, where he spent the next 10 years. The expulsion of Wagner. One of the first in Zurich was supported by Jesso Losso, the Englishwoman, the wife of the French Needle; She did not remain indifferent to the courtship of the German musician. In Zurich, Wagner created all his main literary works, including the art and revolution of Die Kunst und die Revolution, the art of the future Das Kunstwerk Der Zukunft, inspired by the philosophy of Ludwig Feuerbach and dedicated to him, opera and drama Oper und Drama, as well as completely Inappropriate pamphlet Jews in the music of Das Judenthum in Musik.

Here Wagner collapses with attacks on Mendelssohn and Meyerber, on the poets of Heine and Burn; As for Heine, Wagner even expressed doubt about his mental abilities. In addition to literary work, Wagner acted as a conductor - in Zurich concert cycles were carried out by subscription and in the season in a philharmonic society in London. Its main thing was the development of a grand musical and drama concept, which after a quarter of hard work took the form of an opera tetralogy of the Nibelung ring der ring des nibelungen.

However, the Wagnerian plan clearly exceeded the possibilities of the Weimar Theater.

As the composer wrote to his friend T. Strega, at that time he already imagined the Nibelung ring as “three dramas with a tre -shaking introduction”. B - Wagner interrupted the work on the Nibelung saga, captured by the history of Tristan and Isolde. The new opera arose thanks to Matilda Voyendonk and was inspired by Wagner's love to her. During the composition of Tristan, Wagner met the composer and conductor G.

Tristan was almost complete, when his author hurriedly left Zurich and left for Venice in the summer: this happened as a result of another quarrel with a mine, who again declared his firm intention to never live with her husband. Bent from Venice by the Austrian police, the composer went to Lucerne, where he completed work on the opera. For about a year, Wagner did not meet with his wife, but in September they again gathered in Paris.

Wagner made another attempt to conquer the French capital - and again failed. Three of his concerts, data in, were hostilely met by the press and did not bring anything but losses. A year later, the premiere of the tangiazer at the Grand Opera-in the new, made specifically for Paris, the editorial office-was Oxvistan with rampant jockey members. Just at that time, Wagner learned from the Saxon ambassador that he had the right to return to Germany, in any area, except for Saxony, this ban was taken to the composer used the obtained permission to search for the theater, which would take up the production of his new operas.

He managed to turn into his faith a noto -player Schott, who gave him generous advances. B - Wagner made a number of concert trips that glorified him as a conductor: he performed in Vienna, Prague, St. Petersburg, Budapest and Karlsruhe.However, uncertainty in tomorrow we burdened him, and in, in the face of the threat of arrest for debts, he made another escape - this time with his Zurich acquaintance Eliza Ville - to Marienfeld.

It was truly the last refuge: as Ernest Newmen writes in his book, “most of the composer’s friends, especially those who had the means, were tired of his requests and even began to be afraid of them; They came to the conclusion that Wagner was absolutely unable to observe elementary decency, and were not going to let him encroach on their wallets. ” The second exile. At that moment, unexpected help came - from Ludwig II, who had just ascended the royal throne in Bavaria.

More than anything, the young king loved Wagner's operas - and they were performed in Germany more and more often - and invited their author to Munich. In the summer, the royal troupe carried out the premiere of Tristan four performances. Shortly before Kozim von Bulov, with whom Wagner from the end connected his life, gave birth to his daughter. This circumstance gave the political opponents of Wagner in Bavaria a reason to insist on removing the composer from Munich.

And again, Wagner became an exile: this time he settled in tribulation on the shore of Lake Lucerns, where he spent the next six years. He also completed the autobiography: the book My Life was brought up in it only at the insistence of Kozima, who, after a divorce from von Bulov, became the wife of Wagner. This happened in, a year after the birth of the only son of the composer - Siegfried.

By that time, Minna Wagner was no longer alive, she died in Ludwig Bavarian, disappointed in Wagner as a man, invariably remained a passionate fan of his art. In those years, Wagner became an indisputable leader in European music. The election to the Prussian Royal Academy of Arts has become a turning point in Wagner's biography. Now his operas were placed throughout Europe and often met a hot reception at the public.

The new author’s law has strengthened its financial situation.