Biography of Kutuzov Book

He began military service under Peter I, gave it thirty years of his life and, having resigned with the rank of general-raid, continued to work in the civilian department in St. Petersburg. According to his projects, channels were built in the capital, and large buildings were built. By the end of his life, Illarion Matveevich became a senator. He was entrusted with conclusions in important state affairs; They went to him with complaints, for advice.

He was an educated, responsive person and for a great mind and knowledge was among the people a “reasonable book”. And now, after the year since the birth of Field Marshal Kutuzov, his life and general activity continue to interest historians, writers, and wide circles of readers. Much has been written about Kutuzov, the considerable remained unknown, because, living and acting in a complex and dangerous environment, the commander had to hide his innermost secrets even from his close associates.

Much in the history of the life of Mikhail Illarionovich was shaded and darkened by the seduces of his abnormalities, confused by distortions of monarchical historians. Both of them tried to prove that the main acting person in the Patriotic War of the year, who decided the fate of Russia, was not Kutuzov, who commanded it with the armed forces, based on the patriotism of the Russian people, but Emperor Alexander I.

Feldmarshal Kutuzov, foreign historians, who belittled his role and exalted Emperor Napoleon, sank even more.

And those and others did not want to give an honest, clear answer to direct questions of history, why Napoleon, a really great commander, defeated Kutuzov and, as the Russian army led by him, defeated the Great French Army, defended the independence of Russia. Kutuzov’s commodity art, pre -revolutionary historians, did not follow how he went to victories for a long, difficult military way.

Only Soviet historiography opened and first published many documents about Kutuzov’s activities, and Soviet historians, following the entire life path of the commander, were able to show the causes and foundations of his successes. The first thing the researcher studying the life of M. Kutuzov sees is the thirst for knowledge shown by him from his youth, his desire for education.

Hardwork, interest in the books of the General General Illarion Matveevich Kutuzov instilled his son from childhood. The boy successfully studied at home to Russian and foreign languages, arithmetic, read a lot. When Mikhail passed 14 years, his father gave him to an artillery-engineering school. Not all the nobles did then, although they were obliged to serve in the army and teach their sons to military affairs.

Peter I issued a law according to which every young nobleman had to begin military service as an ordinary soldier, serve as a corporal, sergeant and, only having passed the length of the lower service in the ranks, received the right to an officer rank. Peter I ordered: “Many people make their friends as well as officers from young officers who do not know from the foundation of a soldier’s business, because they did not serve in the lower ranks, and who served only for their faces for several weeks or months, for the sake of such demands, how much and what ranks are from a year.” It was required "Capral and sergeant summer to be credited to those who studied and learned truly ...".

Without this “sons of the Russian state of princes, counts, barons, noble nobility ...” Peter I warned, “what rank we and the Fatherland will not show us any services and they will not receive any services to us ...” And he explained that we must reckon with really deserved ranks, “in order to give an example to the service and not the honor and not to the honor and not parasites.

" But after the death of Peter I, the nobles went around this reasonable law. When a son was born a nobleman, he was immediately written in the service by a soldier and immediately by order but the regiment was noted that this soldier was on home leave. While the “soldier” was sleeping peacefully in the cradle, the years of his drill service, and then the right to the officer rank, were celebrated in the lists of the regiment.

Barkchuk grew up an illiterate parasite, especially since then the landlord children were most often trained in the clerks of rural churches or foreigners who ran into Russia to serve lackeys, cooks and took up the roles of tutors. Years were going on, officer officials were added to the age of age, and by the age of twenty he came to the Russian army with a colonel, and some of the general.

Rumyantsev became a general at 22, Saltykov at 25 years old. But if these generals were educated, outstanding commanders, then the bulk of the officers who had neither education nor the experience of the combat service brought many troubles and misfortunes to the Russian troops. They believed that “all science is in order to be able to scream Pali! Under these conditions, young Mikhail Kutuzov, gifted by nature with his mind and abilities, very curious, not developed in years, prepared at home for studying at a military school, immediately stood out from the environment of pupils of the artillery-engineering school.

He grew up with a healthy beautiful boy, cheerful, seemed somewhat phlegmatic, he was able to notice the characteristic features of his peers and comically nonsense to imitate them.The comrades loved Kutuzov for a cheerful disposition, the teachers appreciated him for his abilities and diligence. The future commander studied successfully. He mastered engineering and artillery well, loved military history, knew languages: French, German, Latin, and later studied English, Swedish, Turkish and Polish.

Kutuzov had a special addiction to the engineering business and was appointed to help officers in training the audience, which was followed by the order of the director of the artillery and engineering school General Fieldserkhmeister P.