Biography Brief Kolchak

Mikhail Bonch-Bruevich Russian-Japanese war in the spring, at the very beginning of the war with the Japanese, Alexander submits a report on his transfer to Port Arthur. He did not wait for a complete recovery, and went to a new place of service. Kolchak was appointed commander of the destroyer “Angry”, whose task was to install the deep mines next to the Japanese raid.

The team successfully coped with the task, several Japanese ships were blown up on barrage mines. The headquarters of Admiral Kolchak during the Russo-Japanese War, then Alexander headed the coastal artillery, which delivered a lot of trouble to the enemy. In one of the battles, Kolchak was injured, and after the fortress fell, he was in an enemy captivity.

The Japanese saw in him an enemy worthy of respect, so they did not be captured by him, and even left him all his weapons. The heroism of Kolchak adequately appreciated the Russian authorities. As a reward, he received St. George’s weapon, the Order of St. Anna and St. The struggle for the fleet Alexander underwent treatment in the hospital, and then was encouraged by a vacation for six months.

He was not indifferent to the deplorable state of the fleet after the Japanese war, and he began to engage in its revival. In the summer, GO Kolchak is appointed chairman of the commission at the headquarters of the sea fleet, which is engaged in clarifying the causes of defeat in the battle of Tsushima. As a military expert, Kolchak often attended the hearings of the State Duma, and advocated the allocation of the necessary financing for the fleet.

Alexander Kolchak at the headquarters on the basis of his project created the theoretical base of military domestic shipbuilding in the pre -war time. From the year, Kolchak himself headed the construction. During this time, 4 armadillos and 2 icebreakers were created. Kolchak’s merits in research work in the Russian North brought him the title of a member of the Russian Geographical Society.

He was called-Kolchak-Polar. Alexander continues scientific activity, systematizes the materials obtained by past expeditions. In m, he printed a job, the theme of which was the ice cover of the Siberian and Kara seas. She was recognized as the best oceanography in this area. The first world German troops were ready to instantly capture St. Petersburg. At the head of the German fleet was Henry Prussian, who was going to enter the Gulf of Finland from the first days of the war, and from there to defeat the capital with powerful guns.

After all the main objects are destroyed, he conceived the landing of the landing, capture of the city and a complete victory over Russia. However, he did not take into account the fact that Russian officers have extensive experience in conducting such battles, and that their actions can also be instant and successful. Alexander Kolchak with the allies during the First World War, the Russian command understood that Germany was superior in the number of ships, so for a start it was decided to use the tactics of the mine war.

The division under the command of Kolchak managed to put more than six thousand deep -sea mines in a few days from the beginning of the war, thus blocking the enemy the path to the Gulf of Finland. The plans of the German command were disrupted. Then Kolchak began to insist on the use of not only defensive tactics, but also the transition to the offensive.

Towards the end, the sailors under his command mined Danzig Bay, directly “under the nose” of the enemy, which led to the death of thirty -five German ships. Thanks to the success of this operation, Kolchak received a new purpose. In September, under his command was a mine division. A month later, Alexander developed a new operation, and the landing landed in the Gulf of Riga to help the Northern Fleet.

The operation was instant and successful, the Germans did not even guess that the Russians were already nearby. In the summer, the sovereign produced Kolchak in the Commander -in -Chief of the Black Sea Fleet. The revolution Alexander Kolchak has never violated the oath of allegiance given to the emperor. The February Revolution did not break him either. When the revolutionary sailors demanded that he hand over all the weapons, Kolchak threw his saber into the sea, saying that even the Japanese left him all the weapons, and he was not going to give him to anyone.

The fleet of Admiral Kolchak upon arrival in Petrograd, Alexander made accusations the Provisional Government, for allowing them to ruin the country and the army. The ministers did not ceremony with the admiral for a long time, invited him to head the allied mission in the United States. In fact, it was a political link. In December, GO Kolchak appeals to the Government of Great Britain with a request to accept him to serve in its troops.

But by that time, the figure of the admiral was already considered in certain circles, as a candidate for the place of a leader who will ralluce around him, and would begin a war with the Bolsheviks. In the southern regions of the country, the Volunteer Army dominated, in the eastern and northern there were several independent governments. In September, they decided to unite, called themselves a directory.

But without a “strong hand” they could not claim victory. After the White Revolution, representatives of the directory contacted Kolchak and invited him to become the supreme ruler of Russia.Kolchak’s goals, first of all, Kolchak took up the restoration of the foundations of the empire. He issued decrees prohibiting the work of all extremist parties.

In Siberia, they wanted to reconcile the entire population, developed an economic reform that was supposed to help in the creation of industry. In the spring, the army of Kolchak occupied the Urals, and this was its largest achievement. But soon the successes were replaced by a strip of failures, and there are many explanations for this. First of all, Kolchak had no experience in managing the state, he refused to resolve the agrarian issue.

In addition, the scattered partisan units and the Socialist -Revolutionaries were powerful resistance to his army, and with the allies it was not possible to come to a political agreement. November GO became the beginning of the end of his career. Kolchak left Omsk, at the beginning of GO abandoned his authority in favor of Denikin. Then he was betrayed by the Czech allied corps, and in Irkutsk Alexander was captured by the Bolsheviks.

Personal life cannot be said that in his personal life Alexander Kolchak was constant, but he was married once. In the year, he led to the aisle Sofu Omirov, a hereditary noblewoman, who had to wait several years to wait for his narrowed from the expedition. They were married in one of the Irkutsk temples. In the year they had a daughter, but she died a baby. In March, they became the parents of the son of Rostislav, and two years later another daughter was born - Margarita, but she lived for only two years.

She lived there with her son up to a year, the place of her burial was the Russian cemetery of Saint-Genevieve-de-Bois. The son of the admiral - Rostislav worked in an Algerian bank, fought on the side of the French resistance in the Second World War. He was gone in m. In the year, the grandson of Alexander Kolchak, also Alexander, was born. All his life he lives in France, in Paris.

In addition to his wife, there was a big love in the life of Alexander, which he retained until the last days. Her name was Anna Timirev. They first saw themselves in Helsingfors in M, where she was with her husband, also an officer of the sea fleet. The feelings were so strong that Anna in M ​​is divorced with her husband, and goes after Kolchak. They were arrested together, Alexander was shot, and Anna was sentenced to imprisonment.

In total, she stayed in prison and exile for almost three decades. Then her business was revised, rehabilitated. Timireva died in Moscow in m. Death, the biography of Alexander Kolchak has a tragic ending. According to some sources, Lenin himself gave an indication about Kolchak in a secret message. He was afraid that the admiral would free the troops under the command of Kappel from the hands of the revolutionaries.

Therefore, they did not hesitate with the death sentence, and on February 7 he was shot in Irkutsk. Over time, everything is perceived in a different light, therefore, the personality of Kolchak does not cause only negative emotions. He was a well -known historical person, his contribution to science and the development of the fleet is difficult not to appreciate, so the memory of the heroic admiral lives among the descendants.

He is erected monuments, open memorial boards, make films about his hard biography.