Biography of Vladimir Mayakovsky

Latest news biography brilliant works of Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky cause true admiration for millions of his admirers. He deserves to the number of the greatest footuar guards of the 20th century. In addition, Mayakovsky proved himself an extraordinary playwright, satirist, film director, screenwriter, artist, as well as the editor of several magazines. His life, multifaceted creativity, as well as personal relationships full of love and experiences, and today remain not up to the end of a mystery.

Childhood and youth a talented poet was born in the small Georgian village of Baghdati in the Russian Empire. The date of his birth was on the sign of the zodiac cancer. His mother Alexander Alekseevna belonged to the Cossack family from the Kuban, and Father Vladimir Konstantinovich worked as a simple forester. Vladimir had two brothers - Kostya and Sasha, who died in childhood, as well as two sisters - Olya and Luda.

Mayakovsky knew the Georgian language perfectly and from a year received education at the gymnasium of the city of Kutaisi. Already in his youth he was captured by revolutionary ideas. Being a student, he participated in a demonstration. The cause of death was blood poisoning, which occurred as a result of an injection of a finger with an ordinary needle. This event was so shocked by Mayakovsky that he later completely avoided hairpins and pins, fearing the fate of his parent.

In the same year, Alexandra Alekseevna moved to Moscow with her children. Vladimir continued his studies in the fifth classical gymnasium, where he attended classes with the poet Boris Pasternak - Alexander. However, with the death of the father, the financial situation of the family has deteriorated significantly. As a result, in the year the mother could not pay for their studies, and Vladimir was expelled from the fifth grade.

Futurism in Moscow, a young guy began to communicate with students who are fond of revolutionary ideas. During the years, Vladimir was arrested three times, but due to minority and lack of evidence, they were forced to release. During the investigations, Mayakovsky could not calmly be in four walls. Due to constant scandals, he was often transferred to different places of conclusion.

As a result, he ended up in a Butyr prison, where he spent 11 months and set to write poetry. In the year, the poet went out of imprisonment and immediately left the party. The following year, the artist Yevgeny Lang, with whom Vladimir was on friendly relations, recommended him to engage in painting. During classes at the school, he met the inspirers of the Gileya group and joined the cubotourists.

David Burliuk, the founder of futurism, a member of the Society of the Chairmen of the Earth's Shar, had a great influence on the poet. In the same year, the poet first publicly performed in the artistic basement, which was called the “Wandering Dog”. The writer, along with members of the Kubofuturist group, participated in a tour of Russia, where he gave lectures and his poems.

Soon there were positive reviews about Mayakovsky. So, Maxim Gorky believed that among the futurists Vladimir was the only real poet. The first collection of the poet “I” was published in the year and consisted of only four works. This year also had to write the rebellious poem “Nate! Next year, Vladimir created a touching poem “Listen! Attracted a brilliant poet and dramaturgy.

At the same time, Vladimir acted as its director, as well as the leading role. В году поэт решил добровольно записаться в армию, но его политическая неблагонадежность пугала представителей власти. He did not get to the front and, in response to neglect, wrote the poem “You”, in which he appreciated the tsarist army. In addition, the brilliant works of Mayakovsky “Cloud in Pants” and “War were declared” soon appeared.

Next year, the fateful meeting of Vladimir Vladimirovich with the Brik family took place. From now on, his life represented a single whole with Lily and Osip. From the year, thanks to the patronage of Maxim Gorky, the poet served in a car school. And although he, being a soldier, had no right to print, Osip Brik came to his aid. He acquired two poems of Vladimir and soon published them.

The Revolution of the October Revolution, the great poet met at the headquarters of the uprising in Smolny. He immediately began to cooperate with the new government and participated in the first meetings of cultural figures. Mayakovsky was headed by a detachment of soldiers who arrested General Peter Secret, who led the automobile school, although earlier the medal “for zeal” had previously received from his hands.

On the first anniversary of the revolution, the play “Mystery Buff” was presented. The later years, the writer was fond of the cinema. In the year, 3 films were published in which Vladimir acted as an actor, screenwriter and director. Later, the author did not stop cooperation with cinema.

In parallel, Mayakovsky wrote for the newspaper "Art of Commune." In addition, in the year the poet created a group of “comfut”, the direction of which can be characterized as communist futurism. And in M ​​Vladimir organized another group - “Left Front of Arts”, as well as the corresponding LEF magazine.During her reading at the Bolshoi Theater, Joseph Stalin himself was present.

After Mayakovsky’s performance, applause followed, which lasted 20 minutes. In general, it was the years of the Civil War that the author turned out to be the most productive time for the author, which he mentioned in the poem “Good! The biography period was no less important and saturated for the Mayakovsky period, during which he traveled a lot. For 2 years, he visited France, Latvia and Germany, which he devoted several works.

The beginning of the 10ths was marked by a stormy polemic between Vladimir Mayakovsky and Sergey Yesenin. The latter at that time joined the Imazhinists - the implacable opponents of the futurists. In addition, Mayakovsky was a poet of revolution and the city, and Yesenin extolled the village in his work. However, Vladimir could not help but recognize the unconditional talent of the opponent, although he criticized him for conservatism and addiction to alcohol.

In a sense, they were related souls - hot -tempered, vulnerable, in constant search and despair. They were united even by the topic of suicide, which was present in the work of both poets. In the year, the poet resumed the activities of the LEF magazine. But a year later he left the publishing house and the relevant organization, finally disappointed in them. In the end of the 10s, Mayakovsky again turned to drama.

He prepared two plays: “Blop” and “Bath”, designed specifically for the theater scene of Vsevolod Meyerhold. They thoughtfully combine the satirical presentation of the reality of those years with a look into the future. Meyerhold compared Mayakovsky’s talent with the genius of Moliere, but critics met the poet’s new works with devastating comments. In the “bug” they found only artistic shortcomings, but even accusations of an ideological nature were put forward to the “bath”.

In many newspapers, insulting articles were placed, and some of them had headlines “Down with Mayakovshchina! The fatal year began for the greatest poet with numerous accusations of colleagues. Mayakovsky said that he was not a true “proletarian writer”, but only a “fellow traveler”. Despite criticism, in the spring of that year Vladimir decided to take the results of the activity, for which he organized an exhibition called “20 years of work”.

The exposition displayed the multifaceted achievements of Mayakovsky, but brought some disappointments. She was visited by either the former colleagues of the poet by Lef, or the highest party leadership. It was a cruel blow, after which the wound remained in the poet’s soul. The young poet at that time met with her sister - Elsa Triola, and once the girl brought Vladimir to the Brikov apartment.

There Mayakovsky first read the poem “Cloud in Pants”, and then solemnly dedicated it to Lily. Surprisingly, the prototype of this poem was the sculptor Maria Denisova, which the poet fell in love with the year. He financed the publication of the first book of the poet. Lily became Muse of Mayakovsky, it was to her that he dedicated almost all the verses about love.

The author expressed the limitless depth of his feelings for the Brik in the works “Flute-Publishing House”, “I love”, “Lilchka! Instead of writing. " The lovers together participated in the filming of the film "Closed by the film." Moreover, from the year, Briki and the great poet began to live together, which fed into the marriage-loving concept that existed at that time.

They changed their place of residence several times, but each time settled together. Often Mayakovsky even contained a family of Briks, and from all trips abroad brought Lila luxurious gifts, for example, a Renault car. Other relationships, despite the poet’s boundless attachment to Lila Brik, there were other lovers in his life, who even gave birth to his children. In the year, Mayakovsky had close relations with the artist Lily Lavinsky, who gave him his son Gleb-Khnikit-Vladimir met Ellie Jones, an emigrant from Russia, who gave birth to his daughter Elena-Patrics-also converse relations connected the poet with Sofia Shamardina and Natalia Bryukhanenko.

In addition, in Paris, the poet met with the emigrant Tatyana Yakovleva. The feelings that flashed between them gradually enveloped and promised to turn into something serious and prolonged. Mayakovsky wanted Yakovleva to come to Moscow, but she refused. Then in the year Vladimir decided to go to Tatyana, but problems with obtaining a visa became an insurmountable obstacle for him.

The last love of Vladimir Mayakovsky was the young married actress Veronika Polonskaya. The poet demanded from a summer girl to leave her husband, but Veronica did not dare to be so serious in life, because the summer Mayakovsky seemed to her contradictory, impulsive and unstable.