Biography Kalashnikova Mikhail photos

Simple, reliable reliable - Kalash was included in the list of the main inventions of the 20th century. The Kalashnikov assault rifle is in service with many dozens of countries, it is depicted on banners and hermings. Almost 80 years have passed since the invention of the machine gun, but the unique development of Mikhail Kalashnikov is still in demand. And it all started simple and seemed to have no longer portended such a phenomenal success ...

Mikhail Timofeevich Kalashnikov was born on November 10 in the village of Kurya of the Altai Territory in a large peasant family. The boy was 11 years old when his father was dispossessed and sent the whole family to the special settlement of the Lower Mokhovaya near Tomsk. There, Mikhail Timofeevich went to a local school, where he paid special attention to mathematics and other exact sciences.

And in his free time from his studies, he enthusiastically studied the device of different things, made himself skates from improvised means and collected a bicycle. Having finished seven grades, Kalashnikov returned back to Altai, but in his native village he could not find a job: they did not want to accept his son’s son for any enterprise. As a result, Mikhail Timofeevich again moved near Tomsk and got a job at the local machine-tractor station.

When he was 18 years old, Kalashnikov moved to Kazakhstan and entered a student at the Matai Station of the Turkestan-Siberian Railway station. A well -established young man was soon transferred to the post of technical secretary of one of the Turksib units, where he worked before a year. Communication with driver, turners and locksmiths only strengthened Mikhail’s interest in technology and originated a desire to create something himself.

But the time to implement this desire has not yet come to life. In the fall of the year, Mikhail Kalashnikov was drafted into the ranks of the Red Army, to the Kyiv Special Military District. He received the specialty of the driver of the tank and served in the tank division in the city of Stry Western Ukraine. During the service of Kalashnikov, he designed the metering device for motor resources of the tank engine.

Voroshilov to introduce an invention into serial production. But the Great Patriotic War prevented it from organizing it. Her Kalashnikov met the commander of the tank with the rank of senior sergeant. In October, under Bryansk, he was seriously wounded in the shoulder.

Being in the hospital, Kalashnikov began to make sketches and drawings of his model of automatic weapons. At the same time, he analyzed not only the content of the books of the local library and his own impressions of battles, but also took into account the opinions of comrades in arms. After staying in the Kalashnikov hospital, he was sent for six months on vacation for rehabilitation.

Mikhail Timofeevich returned to Matai and there, with the help of depot experts, three months later created the first experimental model of a model of a submachine gun. This sample Kalashnikov presented to the head of the military engineering academy. Dzerzhinsky Major General Anatoly Blagonravov. He revealed defects of the structure, but rightly noted the talent of a novice design engineer and recommended to direct Kalashnikov to study to improve skills.

After some time, Kalashnikov introduced his machine gun to the court of specialists GAU. They noted the successful design of the submachine gun, but they were not recommended to be accepted primarily for technological reasons. The expert opinion said: “Kalashnikov submachine gun is more complicated and more expensive than PPSh and PPS, and requires the use of scarce and slow milling work.

Therefore, despite many captivating sides, small length, the presence of solitary fire, a successful combination of the translator and fuse, compact ramros, etc. In the end, Kalashnikov’s automatic machine It was adopted only in the year, at the beginning of the year, Kalashnikov was sent to the Izhevsk Machine -Building Plant today is the concern of Kalashnikov OJSC to participate in the creation of technical documentation and manufacture of an experimental batch of automatic machines for military tests.

After the final refinement in January, the machine gun was adopted by the Soviet Army under the name "7, mm Kalashnikov model of the model of the year of AK" or in abbreviated - AK after half a century Mikhail Kalashnikov extremely clearly explained what was the secret of the success of his invention: "The soldier made weapons for the soldier. I myself was ordinary and I know well the difficulties that they encounter in a soldier's life ...

when it was finalized by it ... when it was finalized The design, I was in military units, consulted with specialists. And the soldiers told me that they were satisfied and what needs to be finalized. It turned out a simple, reliable and effective weapon. AK works in any conditions ... ". At the Izhevsk Machine -Building Plant, Kalashnikov worked as a leading designer, then for another 10 years - the head of the design bureau.

He became the chief designer of small arms. However, he did not stop at the reached Kalashnikov. Already in the process of mass production and operation he identified various problems and eliminated their machine.As a result, modifications of a lightweight type were created, compact, with a folding butt, with a fastening for a night vision sight and with under -barrel grenade launcher.

In parallel, the famous designer was engaged in the development of other types of weapons - pistols, carbines and machine guns. However, they could not compare with the glory of Kalash. In addition to small arms, the design bureau led by Mikhail Kalashnikov produced weapons for athletes and hunters. The most famous are the hunting self -loading carbines "Saiga". They are designed on the basis of the Kalashnikov assault rifle and have several modifications.

In the year, according to the aggregate of research and construction work and inventions, Mikhail Kalashnikov was assigned to the degree of Doctor of Technical Sciences. In addition, the legendary design engineer, twice Hero of Socialist Labor, was awarded many awards. Among them: the Stalin Prize L degree, the Lenin Prize and the State Prize of the Russian Federation Kalashnikov also became a gentleman of the three orders of Lenin,, the Order of the Red Star, the Red Banner of Labor, the October Revolution, the Friendship of Peoples, the Patriotic War of the 1st degree, the Order of Merit to the Fatherland, the Order of the Holy Apostle Andrei Andrei the First-Council, as well as the Order “For military merits” in the year he was awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation - this is the highest state award.

Mikhail Timofeevich Kalashnikov was gone on December 23. The creator of the world famous AK in the Pantheon of Heroes of the Federal Military Memorial Cemetery in the Mytishchi district of the Moscow region was buried. Read us in Telegram.